OVERVIEW: Second-generation satellite IR cameras improved upon early space-based launch detection with enhanced resolution, faster scanning, and multi-band thermal coverage. Mounted on geosynchronous platforms, they extended global missile surveillance with better reliability and reduced false alarms.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION: Introduced in the late 1980s to early 1990s, second-generation geosynchronous satellite infrared (IR) cameras were designed to detect and track ballistic missile launches by capturing thermal emissions during the boost phase. These systems featured improved focal plane arrays, often cooled for better sensitivity, and operated in dual MWIR and LWIR bands. Their advanced optics and faster scanning allowed higher accuracy in threat classification and trajectory estimation, forming the backbone of upgraded early warning constellations.

ROLE SUMMARY:
Category: Infrared Surveillance / Strategic Early Warning
Primary Use: Missile launch detection and tracking
Function: Passive thermal monitoring
Platform: Geostationary satellites

See Specific information under [Sensors/EW] and [Properties] sections.

SOURCE:
Russian Federation Satellite Infrared Monitoring Programs
Missile Defense Agency Public Briefs